\chapentry {Introduction}{1}{1}
\secentry {Some Definitions}{1}{1}{1}
\secentry {What \code {tar} Does}{1}{2}{2}
\secentry {How \code {tar} Archives are Named}{1}{3}{3}
\secentry {POSIX Compliance}{1}{4}{3}
\secentry {GNU \code {tar} Authors}{1}{5}{4}
\secentry {Reporting bugs or suggestions}{1}{6}{4}
\chapentry {Tutorial Introduction to \code {tar}}{2}{5}
\secentry {Basic \code {tar} Operations and Options}{2}{1}{6}
\secentry {The Three Most Frequently Used Operations}{2}{2}{7}
\secentry {Two Frequently Used Options}{2}{3}{7}
\unnumbsubsecentry{The \samp {--file} Option}{7}
\unnumbsubsecentry{The \samp {--verbose} Option}{8}
\unnumbsubsecentry{Getting Help: Using the \code {--help} Option}{9}
\secentry {How to Create Archives}{2}{4}{9}
\subsecentry {Preparing a Practice Directory for Examples}{2}{4}{1}{9}
\subsecentry {Creating the Archive}{2}{4}{2}{10}
\subsecentry {Running \samp {--create} with \samp {--verbose}}{2}{4}{3}{11}
\subsecentry {Short Forms with \samp {create}}{2}{4}{4}{11}
\subsecentry {Archiving Directories}{2}{4}{5}{12}
\secentry {How to List Archives}{2}{5}{13}
\unnumbsubsecentry{Listing the Contents of a Stored Directory}{14}
\secentry {How to Extract Members from an Archive}{2}{6}{15}
\subsecentry {Extracting an Entire Archive}{2}{6}{1}{15}
\subsecentry {Extracting Specific Files}{2}{6}{2}{16}
\subsecentry {Extracting Files that are Directories}{2}{6}{3}{16}
\subsecentry {Commands That Will Fail}{2}{6}{4}{17}
\secentry {Going Further Ahead in this Manual}{2}{7}{18}
\chapentry {Invoking GNU \code {tar}}{3}{19}
\secentry {General Synopsis of \code {tar}}{3}{1}{19}
\secentry {Using \code {tar} Options}{3}{2}{21}
\secentry {The Three Option Styles}{3}{3}{21}
\subsecentry {Mnemonic Option Style}{3}{3}{1}{22}
\subsecentry {Short Option Style}{3}{3}{2}{22}
\subsecentry {Old Option Style}{3}{3}{3}{23}
\subsecentry {Mixing Option Styles}{3}{3}{4}{24}
\secentry {All \code {tar} Options}{3}{4}{26}
\subsecentry {Operations}{3}{4}{1}{26}
\subsecentry {\code {tar} Options}{3}{4}{2}{27}
\subsecentry {Short Options Cross Reference}{3}{4}{3}{34}
\secentry {GNU \code {tar} documentation}{3}{5}{37}
\secentry {Checking \code {tar} progress}{3}{6}{38}
\secentry {Asking for Confirmation During Operations}{3}{7}{39}
\chapentry {GNU \code {tar} Operations}{4}{41}
\secentry {Basic GNU \code {tar} Operations}{4}{1}{41}
\secentry {Advanced GNU \code {tar} Operations}{4}{2}{42}
\subsecentry {The Five Advanced \code {tar} Operations}{4}{2}{1}{42}
\subsecentry {How to Add Files to Existing Archives: \code {--append}}{4}{2}{2}{43}
\subsubsecentry {Appending Files to an Archive} {4}{2}{2}{1} {44}
\subsubsecentry {Multiple Files with the Same Name} {4}{2}{2}{2} {45}
\subsecentry {Updating an Archive}{4}{2}{3}{46}
\subsubsecentry {How to Update an Archive Using \code {--update}} {4}{2}{3}{1} {46}
\subsecentry {Combining Archives with \code {--concatenate}}{4}{2}{4}{47}
\subsecentry {Removing Archive Members Using \samp {--delete}}{4}{2}{5}{48}
\subsecentry {Comparing Archive Members with the File System}{4}{2}{6}{49}
\secentry {Options Used by \code {--extract}}{4}{3}{50}
\subsecentry {Options to Help Read Archives}{4}{3}{1}{50}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Reading Full Records}{51}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Ignoring Blocks of Zeros}{51}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Ignore Fail Read}{51}
\subsecentry {Changing How \code {tar} Writes Files}{4}{3}{2}{51}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Options to Prevent Overwriting Files}{51}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Keep Old Files}{52}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Unlink First}{52}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Recursive Unlink}{53}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Setting Modification Times}{53}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Setting Access Permissions}{53}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Writing to Standard Output}{54}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Removing Files}{54}
\subsecentry {Coping with Scarce Resources}{4}{3}{3}{54}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Starting File}{54}
\unnumbsubsubsecentry{Same Order}{54}
\secentry {Backup options}{4}{4}{55}
\secentry {Notable \code {tar} Usages}{4}{5}{56}
\secentry {Looking Ahead: The Rest of this Manual}{4}{6}{57}
\chapentry {Performing Backups and Restoring Files}{5}{59}
\secentry {Using \code {tar} to Perform Full Dumps}{5}{1}{60}
\secentry {Using \code {tar} to Perform Incremental Dumps}{5}{2}{62}
\secentry {The Incremental Options}{5}{3}{63}
\secentry {Levels of Backups}{5}{4}{64}
\secentry {Setting Parameters for Backups and Restoration}{5}{5}{65}
\subsecentry {An Example Text of \file {Backup-specs}}{5}{5}{1}{66}
\subsecentry {Syntax for \file {Backup-specs}}{5}{5}{2}{67}
\secentry {Using the Backup Scripts}{5}{6}{67}
\secentry {Using the Restore Script}{5}{7}{68}
\chapentry {Choosing Files and Names for \code {tar}}{6}{69}
\secentry {Choosing and Naming Archive Files}{6}{1}{69}
\secentry {Selecting Archive Members}{6}{2}{70}
\secentry {Reading Names from a File}{6}{3}{71}
\secentry {Excluding Some Files}{6}{4}{72}
\unnumbsubsecentry{Problems with Using the \code {exclude} Options}{72}
\secentry {Wildcards Patterns and Matching}{6}{5}{73}
\secentry {Operating Only on New Files}{6}{6}{74}
\secentry {Descending into Directories}{6}{7}{75}
\secentry {Crossing Filesystem Boundaries}{6}{8}{76}
\subsecentry {Changing the Working Directory}{6}{8}{1}{77}
\subsecentry {Absolute File Names}{6}{8}{2}{78}
\chapentry {Date input formats}{7}{81}
\secentry {General date syntax}{7}{1}{81}
\secentry {Calendar date item}{7}{2}{82}
\secentry {Time of day item}{7}{3}{83}
\secentry {Timezone item}{7}{4}{84}
\secentry {Day of week item}{7}{5}{85}
\secentry {Relative item in date strings}{7}{6}{86}
\secentry {Pure numbers in date strings}{7}{7}{86}
\secentry {Authors of \code {getdate}}{7}{8}{87}
\chapentry {Controlling the Archive Format}{8}{89}
\secentry {Making \code {tar} Archives More Portable}{8}{1}{89}
\subsecentry {Portable Names}{8}{1}{1}{89}
\subsecentry {Symbolic Links}{8}{1}{2}{89}
\subsecentry {Old V7 Archives}{8}{1}{3}{90}
\subsecentry {GNU \code {tar} and POSIX \code {tar}}{8}{1}{4}{90}
\subsecentry {Checksumming Problems}{8}{1}{5}{93}
\secentry {Using Less Space through Compression}{8}{2}{94}
\subsecentry {Creating and Reading Compressed Archives}{8}{2}{1}{94}
\subsecentry {Archiving Sparse Files}{8}{2}{2}{97}
\secentry {Handling File Attributes}{8}{3}{99}
\secentry {The Standard Format}{8}{4}{101}
\secentry {GNU Extensions to the Archive Format}{8}{5}{110}
\secentry {Comparison of \code {tar} and \code {cpio}}{8}{6}{111}
\chapentry {Tapes and Other Archive Media}{9}{115}
\secentry {Device Selection and Switching}{9}{1}{115}
\secentry {The Remote Tape Server}{9}{2}{117}
\secentry {Some Common Problems and their Solutions}{9}{3}{118}
\secentry {Blocking}{9}{4}{119}
\subsecentry {Format Variations}{9}{4}{1}{121}
\subsecentry {The Blocking Factor of an Archive}{9}{4}{2}{121}
\secentry {Many Archives on One Tape}{9}{5}{126}
\subsecentry {Tape Positions and Tape Marks}{9}{5}{1}{127}
\subsecentry {The \code {mt} Utility}{9}{5}{2}{128}
\secentry {Using Multiple Tapes}{9}{6}{128}
\subsecentry {Archives Longer than One Tape or Disk}{9}{6}{1}{130}
\subsecentry {Tape Files}{9}{6}{2}{132}
\secentry {Including a Label in the Archive}{9}{7}{132}
\secentry {Verifying Data as It is Stored}{9}{8}{134}
\secentry {Write Protection}{9}{9}{135}
\unnumbchapentry {Index}{137}